does charcoal expire
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If you love grilling as much as we do, you probably look forward to that first cookout of the season. Uncovering the grill and checking your tools, you find the trusty bag of charcoal. But staring into its partially used contents, you have to start to wonder – Does charcoal go bad? How long can you keep charcoal? Does charcoal go bad if it gets wet? How are you supposed to store charcoal? If you are asking yourself any of these questions right now, then keep reading. We are here to answer all of your questions about charcoal and its longevity.
What is Charcoal?
Let’s start by answering the most essential question – what is charcoal? Charcoal is the product of wood that has burned slowly without oxygen. Charcoal is also the most popular fuel source for backyard barbecue enthusiasts. Cooking with charcoal gives food a delicious, natural, and distinct flavor that is impossible to achieve with a gas grill.
Want to know the other advantages charcoal has over gas? We put charcoal grills head-to-head against gas grills – find out how they measure up.
Types of Charcoal
Charcoal is the fuel of choice for many grill masters, but their preference for type tends to differ. While no two charcoals are the same, most will fall into one of two categories: lump charcoal or charcoal briquettes. And each is useful in different grilling scenarios.
Lump Charcoal
The original charcoal, lump charcoal is also known as charwood or natural lump charcoal.
The best lump charcoal has no additives and is made from 100% hardwood. Lump charcoal is the result of burning wood in the absence of oxygen, creating an almost pure carbon product. The type of wood used – pecan, apple, hickory, etc. – can help impart a delicious flavor to any food cooked over its smoke.
Many people prefer lump charcoal because of its quick ignition and capacity for high temperatures. But because it burns hotter it also burns quicker and a little less evenly than briquettes. It is perfect for quick grilling sessions, like hamburgers, hotdogs, thin cut meats, or grilled veggies.
Charcoal Briquettes
Generally, everyone’s first instinct when they hear “charcoal” is to picture briquettes. They are the ever popular option, found at most every backyard barbecue. Briquettes are essentially compacted nuggets of sawdust. They are often pretreated with lighter fluid or other chemicals for quick ignition. Briquettes were made for long cook times, so if you want to go low and slow, briquettes are the way to go. They also have the additional benefit of being fairly inexpensive and easy to use.
Charcoal vs Firewood
So we all know the best part of grilled food is that delicious, smoky flavor. In regards to charcoal, that flavor comes from the kind of wood burned to produce the charcoal. So why not go straight to the source and burn firewood instead? It is definitely an option, but one we don’t usually recommend. Using firewood as your fuel source is notoriously difficult. It can add a lot of flavor, but it’s incredibly easy to use too much and the flavor will overpower your food.
Firewood also tends to vary in size and shape, making it a little more difficult to control the temperature. Lump charcoal is often considered a happy medium for those who want the best of both charcoal and firewood. But if that’s not enough smoky flavor for you, you can also toss a small amount of firewood on burning charcoal to take the wood flavor up a notch. Each kind of wood has its own flavor. Play around and try different types of woods to build your own personal BBQ style and flavor profile.
Can Charcoal Spontaneously Combust?
We aren’t sure how the rumor started, but no – charcoal can not spontaneously combust. House coal is a different story. House coal is a fuel many people use to heat their homes, and in some cases has been known to spontaneously combust. Grilling charcoal? Not going to happen.
Why not? Well, combustion occurs when heat forms from pressure. You would have to have an incredible amount of charcoal (more than what could fill an entire barn) to generate that kind of pressure. Never fear – your backyard barbecue bag of charcoal is safe from combustion.
Does charcoal go bad?
Charcoal is mostly carbon and highly stable. It can literally last forever. Can you use old charcoal? Absolutely! Scientists have found charcoal created from burning plants millions of years ago. That charcoal is still capable of being burned today!
While in ideal conditions charcoal can last forever, some environmental elements can adversely affect charcoal. So whether you are using briquettes or lump, you should always store your charcoal in a cool, dry place. The biggest enemy of charcoal is moisture. Charcoal is highly porous and easily absorbs moisture, so exposure to rain or humidity can often cause your charcoal not to light. However, if that happens, don’t consider all hope lost.
What Happens If Charcoal Gets Wet?
Does charcoal go bad if it gets wet? It can, but it may also be salvageable. It depends on the type of charcoal and the amount of exposure to moisture. Briquettes are the most susceptible to moisture. If your briquettes were left out in the rain, you may find that they crumble when you pick them up. Fortunately for you, briquettes are fairly inexpensive, so replacing a bag of briquettes is worth cutting your losses.
If the briquettes are still solid or you have wet lump charcoal, then lay them out in a single layer outside in the sunshine. Let them dry for a couple of days, flipping them over each day until they are completely dry to the core.
The best plan of action when attempting to use charcoal that you have dried out is to use fresh charcoal first as a starter. With the fresh fuel on the bottom, your wet-to-dry charcoal will have an easier time of igniting. You can also get your charcoal burning faster by using a chimney starter. You might be wondering can charcoal get moldy? The answer is yes. While it is probably still safe to use due to the high temperatures, we recommend keeping it in the chimney starter for a little longer than regular charcoal. But if you care about the taste of your food at all, we’d forego ever using moldy charcoal. Just trust us on this one.
How Long Can You Keep Charcoal
So let’s say you store your charcoal in a cool, dry place and keep it safely away from any moisture. How long is charcoal good for? Does it have a shelf life? Again, this will depend on the type of charcoal.
Lump charcoal is ridiculously solid and made to last. Its shelf life is indefinite if stored properly. Briquettes on the other hand, tend to only be good for around one to two years. This is due to the lighter fluid they were treated with. If your bag wasn’t kept airtight, it is likely the chemical additives have evaporated. If you don’t plan to use an entire bag of charcoal within a very short window of time, an airtight container is essential to the longevity of the charcoal.
How to Store Charcoal
A short term storage solution for charcoal is just making sure that your bag is sealed. More long term – you are going to want storage that is airtight and waterproof. We have taken a look at the best charcoal storage containers and determined that most people either opt for a metal trash can, portable bins or buckets, or stackable storage.
Metal trash cans, like this 10-gallon model from Behrens, are growing in popularity. They come in a wide variety of sizes; are rust, fire, and heat resistant; and they are also typically inexpensive. However, metal trash cans tend not to be as airtight as a charcoal bin or bucket. The Traeger 20-pound metal bucket includes an incredibly tight sealing lid that keeps charcoal safe and sound from the outdoor elements.
How Long Can You Keep Charcoal?
So long as your charcoal is kept dry and not exposed to the elements there is no expiry time of charcoal itself. So if you’re using 100% natural charcoal with no additives, you could use it 10 years later and it would still burn just as effectively, so long as it hasn’t absorbed excess moisture.
Using high quality charcoal will also make it less likely to break down into smaller pieces or dust over time. Take a look at the best charcoal for grilling or the best charcoal for smoking.
What Makes Charcoal Go Bad?
The number one contributor that impacts charcoal quality over time is how much moisture it has absorbed. If the charcoal has too much moisture it will lead to incomplete charcoal combustion, this will cause uneven temperatures and inconsistent burning which will affect the sear when grilling or could lead to developing a bitter taste on the meat when smoking.
How To Dry Damp Charcoal
If your charcoal has been soaked or is quite damp you may not be able to simply dry it out, and unfortunately might have to say your goodbyes. However, if you think your charcoal is a little damp, you can try to dry out excess moisture to return it to a reusable state. Simply spread the charcoal out on some baking paper in full sunlight for a day or two, and then test it by lighting some, or firing up the chimney starter.
Conclusion
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It is possible for charcoal to go bad from time to time, but hopefully, we have answered all of your questions about how to make your charcoal last. Now you should be ready to fire up your favorite charcoal grill, add your best charcoal, and cook with both confidence and a little more know-how. As long as you store your charcoal correctly, you can stockpile fuel to last you all year round.
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