What is the National Animal of Ireland?

Ireland is an island situated in North Atlantic Europe and is divided into two regions: the Republic of Ireland (also known as Ireland) and Northern Ireland. Although Northern Ireland does not have a national animal, Ireland does. Nevertheless, there has been an ongoing debate about which animal should represent Ireland, with the Irish hare being the most widely recognized, although it remains uncertain.

In contrast to other countries, the national symbols of Ireland are not officially defined but are instead determined by their usage. Numerous land mammals have been proposed as Ireland’s national animal, including the Irish Elk, Red Deer, and Irish Hare.

The Irish Hare is the sole species of lagomorph indigenous to the island of Ireland. Fossils discovered in caves indicate that hares were present in Ireland as far back as 30,000 BP, and the species is now believed to have inhabited the island continuously since before the last ice age.

Initially, the Irish Elk was chosen as the national animal, an iconic mammal found across Northern Europe. However, since the Irish Elk is extinct, the Red Deer was then considered. Unfortunately, the Red Deer is now also extinct. Thus, the Irish Hare has emerged as the most plausible candidate for Ireland’s national animal.

The National Bird of Ireland

Several bird species, such as the Bohemian waxwing, Eurasian curlew, common swift, northern pintail, and peregrine falcon, were proposed as candidates for the national bird of Ireland. Ultimately, the lapwing bird was selected as the national bird of the Republic of Ireland, as announced by the Irish Wildlife Conservancy in 1990.

In Northern Ireland, the Eurasian oystercatcher has been informally recognized as the national bird since 1961.

The National Fish of Ireland

The Northern pike is the national fish of Ireland. Belonging to the genus Esox, this species is a carnivorous freshwater gamefish renowned for its voracious appetite. Possessing an elongated body and a coloration that ranges from grey/green to yellowish-white on the belly, the Northern pike is an iconic species that is deeply associated with the Irish national identity.

The National Dog Breed of Ireland

Despite the widespread belief that the Kerry Blue Terrier should be the national dog breed of Ireland, it is actually the Irish Wolfhound that holds this honor. A historic sighthound breed from Ireland, the Irish Wolfhound is renowned for its substantial size and has inspired literature, poetry, and mythology throughout history.

In addition to the Irish Wolfhound, the mountain hare (also known as the Irish hare) is considered the national animal of Ireland. As the species is not found anywhere else in the world, it is entirely unique to Ireland. Unfortunately, the population of mountain hares is gradually declining, and the species is at risk of extinction due to a variety of factors such as modernized agriculture, changes in land use, loss of habitat, and hunting. In response to these challenges, the Irish hare has been legally protected since 2020, and efforts are being made to conserve this species.

Symbols hold a significant place in Irish culture and are integral in shaping the country’s identity. From famous brands like Guinness to national animals and flowers, these symbols serve as a testament to Ireland’s rich history and traditions.

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