stethoscope invented
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stethoscope invented date
| Date | Inventor | Improvement |
|---|---|---|
| 1816 | Laënnec | Rolled paper cone, later a wooden tube |
| 1828 | Priorry | Funnel shaped bell, a lightened stem, and thinner earpiece for a better seal |
| 1843 | Williams | The first binaural stethoscope, using lead pipes for earpieces |
| 1851 | Marsh | Stethoscope chest piece was fitted with a flexible membrane |
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Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826) was a French physician who, in 1816, invented the stethoscope.
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stethoscope invention story
By the 1850s the stethoscope was in routine use, and learning to listen and diagnose the sounds from the chest and intestines became an important part of a doctor’s training. With amplified sounds, diseases of the lungs, heart and vascular systems could be diagnosed much more easily and reliably.
Stethoscope – Over 200 years
With the invention of the stethoscope, in the early 1800s, a better diagnosis of heart and lung disorders was opened up.
The cross-border investigation
By tapping with the finger (percussion).
and putting the ear to the patient’s chest (auscultation), it could hear sound from the body telling about the patient’s condition.
especially about the presence of fluid or air-filled organs. Auscultation is already described in the Corpus Hippocraticum.
in the Diseases II section [1]. The doctor puts the ear to the chest of a patient with water sores.
to hear the pain as a wine vinegar from the lungs – or the doctor grabs the patient about the shoulders, shakes him and places his ear to his chest to hear in which side his pleuritis is sitting.
auscultation seems
Since then, auscultation seems to have been partially forgotten, although it has probably been known by Ambroise Paré and William Harvey [2].
It was not until the late 1700s that it became an important diagnostic aid.
just like the pulse clock and the medical thermometer [3 p. 277].
Here, Joseph Leopold Auenbrugger (1722-1809) is considered to be the father of the modern physical examination.
which is based on percussion. Percussion he performed by knocking direcly on the thorax with the finger or cupped hands.
His discovery of the percussion sounds from the chest during inhaling and exhaling originates from his work in 1760 at the Vienna Military Hospital [4].
In 1761, His little book on thoracic percussion revealing thoracic diseases appeared in 1761 [3p.271].
which in 1808 was translated into French by the Parisian physician Jean Nicolas Corvisart des Marets (1755-1821).
This contributed to the French doctors starting to use percussion and ausculation more routinely [5].
Laënnecs monaural stethoscope
Then he followed with great enthusiasm and research the medical study in Paris and later became the chief physician at Hôpital Necker in Paris as well as professor at the medical faculty [5].
In 1819 he summarized his studies with the stethoscope in a two-volume work on more than 900 pages [3 p. 330].
and had to spend two years in Brittany, where he studied the Celtic language.
Laënnec’s great interest in the tuberculosis in connection with his patients.
and the section hut became his fate, which after several years of illness led to his early death, 45 years old.
Figure 1:
Clean Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826) examines a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis with his monaural stethoscope in hand at the Necker Hospital in Paris in 1816.
Gouache after Thaobald Chartran (Wellcome Library, London).
Laënnec’s invention of the stethoscope originated from the difficulty of examining a fat young woman with heart problems.
Figure 2:
Laënnecs monaural stethoscope from his 1st edition of the book on auscultation [7] from 1819.
Two boxwood tubes are screwed together into a 30 cm long tube.
The funnel-shaped hollow end is closed with the obturator to render the heart sounds clearer.
To the right is a section of the lung. (Wellcome Library, London).
Stethoscope’s introduction in Denmark
Oluf Lundt Bang (1788-1877) (Figure 3) was professor at the University of Copenhagen’s medical faculty and chief physician at the Royal Frederiks Hospital.
Figure 3:
Oluf Lundt Bang (1788-1877), often called Ole Bang, was Professor of Medicine at the University of Copenhagen and chief physician at Frederiks hospital.
The binaural stethoscope
Cammann (1804-63) in New York [11].
Cammann worked in New York City as a practitioner at the Northern Dispensary, a relief hospital for the poor.
He did not want to patent his stethoscope.
– it should be available to the doctors.
