what is the capital of romania
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What is the Capital of Romania? Bucharest is the capital of Romania. It is located in the middle of the Romanian Plain, on the bank of the Dâmbovița River, a branch of the Danube River. Today, the city has a very good c planned city with no housing problems. People call Bucharest as “Paris of the East”. Because the founders of the city inspired from Paris while building the city.
Romania has been a member of the European Union since 2007 and is the schengen region by 2017. The name Bucharest first appears in documents dated 1459. Bucharest’s name derived from the word “bucur” which means “pleasure, happiness”.
When did Bucharest Become the Capital?
Between the years 1448-1476, Vlad the Impaler, who appeared in the three-term throne, built the Bucharest Castle to protect the western state of Wallachia and especially Tirgovishte, then the capital, against the Ottomans. The Turks called the Vlad the Impaler Piled Prince because they killed the Muslims in the punishment by shooting the pike.
Mehmed the Conqueror made a great expedition to Wallachia in 1462 on these massacres of Vlad. As a result of a month-long movement, Wallachia was the state of the Ottomans. Thus Bucharest, which entered the Ottoman administration, developed rapidly and became the main economic center of Wallachia and became the capital city in 1659.
After the uprising in 1859, Wallachia and Bogdan were united to form the Principality of Romania, and in 1862 Bucharest was declared the capital of Romania. At the end of the Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-1878 Romania was completely separated.
Features of Bucharest
Bucharest has an area of 228 square kilometers. Sofia is home to approximately 1.86 million people. Bucharest has a warm and temperate climate. Even in the driest months, the amount of rainfall is quite high. The annual average temperature of Bucharest is 10.8. The average annual precipitation is 598 mm.
Many people work in public institutions in Bucharest. Bucharest is also a major educational center. In addition to the University of Bucharest, there are various colleges offering education in engineering, science and arts. With its opera and ballet, theaters, concert halls and various museums Bucharest has a rich cultural heritage.
A significant portion of the land and railways is located in Bucharest. Tools such as oil refining, machinery, soap, paper, textiles, leather products and agricultural machinery, cars, buses are important products around Bucharest. In 1977, Bucharest was severely damaged by a devastating earthquake in which 1,400 people died and many buildings were destroyed.
Important Places to See in Bucharest
Bucharest is a beautiful city that offers a visual feast for the walk and the streets make you feel at home in the open air. At the beginning of the places you should see in Bucharest are; The Palace of the Parliament, the National Museum of Romanian History and the Macca Villacrosse Passage.
Land of Romania
Romania is bounded by Ukraine to the north, Moldova to the northeast, the Black Sea to the southeast, Bulgaria to the south, Serbia to the southwest, and Hungary to the west. There is a certain symmetry in the physical structure of Romania. The country forms a complex geographic unit centred on the Transylvanian Basin, around which the peaks of the Carpathian Mountains and their associated subranges and structural platforms form a series of crescents. Beyond this zone, the extensive plains of the south and east of the country, their potential increased by the Danube River and its tributaries, form a fertile outer crescent extending to the frontiers. There is great diversity in the topography, geology, climate, hydrology, flora, and fauna, and for millennia this natural environment has borne the imprint of a human population.
relief
Drainage of Romania
The rivers of Romania are virtually all tributary to the Danube, which forms the southern frontier from Moldova Nouă to Călărași. Nearly two-fifths of the total Danubian discharge into the Black Sea is in fact provided by Romanian rivers. The final discharge takes place through three arms—the Chilia (two-thirds of the flow), Sfântu Gheorghe (one-fourth), and Sulina (the remainder)—that add to the scenic attraction of the delta region. The most significant of the Romanian tributary rivers are the Prut, Mureș, Olt, Siret, Ialomiƫa, and Someș. The rivers have considerable hydroelectric potential, although there are great seasonal fluctuations in the discharge and few natural lakes to regulate the flow. The total surface-water potential of the tributary rivers is dwarfed by the volume discharged at the Danube mouth, which is more than five times as large.
Soils
Romania has generally fertile soils. About one-fifth of the country is covered with chernozem—humus-rich black soils. These and reddish brown forest soils are found on the plains to the south and east of the Carpathians, as well as in the Banat. Gray-brown podzolic (leached) soils are found at higher elevations. A broad expanse of alluvial soils covers the Danube floodplain. Ill-advised cultivation methods during the communist period and profligate use of pesticides and industrial pollution after 1990 resulted in a legacy of significant soil erosion.
Climate
Romania’s location in the southeastern portion of the European continent gives it a climate that is transitional between temperate regions and the harsher extremes of the continental interior. In the centre and west of the country, humid Atlantic climatic characteristics prevail; in the southeast the continental influences of the Russian Plain (East European Plain) make themselves felt; and in the extreme southeast there are even milder sub-Mediterranean influences. This overall pattern is substantially modified by the relief, however, and there are many examples of climatic zones induced by changes in elevation.
The average annual temperature is in the low 50s F (about 11 °C) in the south and in the 40s F (about 8 °C) in the north, although, as noted, there is much variation according to elevation and related factors.
Plant and animal life
Forests, which cover about one-fourth of Romania’s area, are an important component of the vegetation cover, particularly in the mountains. Up to about 2,600 feet (800 metres), oaks predominate, followed by beeches between 2,600 and 4,600 feet (800 and 1,400 metres) and conifers between 4,600 and 5,900 feet (1,400 and 1,800 metres). At the highest levels, Alpine and sub-Alpine pastures are found. In the tableland and plains regions, the natural vegetation has to a large degree been obliterated by centuries of human settlement and agriculture.
The rich and varied animal life includes some rare species, notably the chamois and eagle, which are found on the Alpine heights of the Carpathians. Forest animals include the brown bear, red deer, wolf, fox, wild pig, lynx, and marten and various songbirds. The lower course of the Danube, particularly the delta, is rich in animal and fish life.
People
Ethnic groups
Historical and archaeological evidence and linguistic survivals confirm that the area of present-day Romania had a fully developed society of Dacian tribes long before the Roman armies crossed the Danube into what became the province of Dacia. Therefore, though Roman influence was profound and created a civilization that managed to maintain its identity during the great folk migrations that followed the collapse of the empire, some Romanians are quick to identify their country’s origins in the intermixing of the indigenous Dacian people and the Roman settlers.
Languages
Romanian, a Romance language, is the official language of the country, though technically it is the Daco-Romanian dialect that is spoken by nine-tenths of the populace in several regional variants. Hungarian is the only other language of Romania that is spoken by more than a million people. Smaller numbers speak Romany, German, Turkish, Serbian, and other languages.
Religion
Under communist rule, religion was officially viewed as a personal matter, and relatively few restrictions were placed upon it (compared with those imposed by other communist regimes), although the government made efforts to undermine religious teachings and faith in favour of science and empiricism. When the communists came to power in 1948, they continued the monarchy’s practice of requiring all churches to be registered with the state (under its Department of Cults), which retained administrative and financial control, thus becoming the ultimate authority on matters of religion. Despite these incursions, Romanians remained devout. After the 1989 revolution, Romanians were free to practice their religions.
Resources and power
Romania has an unusually rich and well-balanced mix of natural resources. Hydrocarbons are found across two-thirds of the country, and the petroleum industry dates to the 19th century. Oil deposits are found in the flysch formations that run in a band along the outer rim of the Carpathians and through the Subcarpathians. Deposits in the plains, notably near the town of Videle, have been tapped since World War II.
