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what is the purpose of respiration

what is the purpose of respiration

what is the purpose of respiration?

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what is the purpose of respiration?

The main purpose of respiration is to release energy by oxidizing organic subtance.

What is the respiratory system?

The respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. It includes your airways, lungs and blood vessels. The muscles that power your lungs are also part of the respiratory system. These parts work together to move oxygen throughout the body and clean out waste gases like carbon dioxide.

What does the respiratory system do?

The respiratory system has many functions. Besides helping you inhale (breathe in) and exhale (breathe out), it:

  • Allows you to talk and to smell.
  • Warms air to match your body temperature and moisturizes it to the humidity level your body needs.
  • Delivers oxygen to the cells in your body.
  • Removes waste gases, including carbon dioxide, from the body when you exhale.
  • Protects your airways from harmful substances and irritants.
what is the purpose of respiration
what is the purpose of respiration

What Are the Parts of the Respiratory System?

The respiratory system includes the nose, mouth, throat, voice box, windpipe, and lungs.

Air enters the respiratory system through the nose or the mouth. If it goes in the nostrils (also called nares), the air is warmed and humidified. Tiny hairs called cilia (pronounced: SIL-ee-uh) protect the nasal passageways and other parts of the respiratory tract, filtering out dust and other particles that enter the nose through the breathed air.

The two openings of the airway (the nasal cavity and the mouth) meet at the pharynx (pronounced: FAR-inks), or throat, at the back of the nose and mouth. The pharynx is part of the digestive system as well as the respiratory system because it carries both food and air.

At the bottom of the pharynx, this pathway divides in two, one for food — the esophagus (pronounced: ih-SAH-fuh-gus), which leads to the stomach — and the other for air. The epiglottis (pronounced: eh-pih-GLAH-tus), a small flap of tissue, covers the air-only passage when we swallow, keeping food and liquid from going into the lungs.

The larynx, or voice box, is the top part of the air-only pipe. This short tube contains a pair of vocal cords, which vibrate to make sounds.

What Are the Parts of the Respiratory System?

The trachea, or windpipe, is the continuation of the airway below the larynx. The walls of the trachea (pronounced: TRAY-kee-uh) are strengthened by stiff rings of cartilage to keep it open. The trachea is also lined with cilia, which sweep fluids and foreign particles out of the airway so that they stay out of the lungs.

At its bottom end, the trachea divides into left and right air tubes called bronchi (pronounced: BRAHN-kye), which connect to the lungs.moreover, Within the lungs, the bronchi branch into smaller bronchi and even smaller tubes called bronchioles (pronounced: BRAHN-kee-olz). Bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide actually takes place. Each person has hundreds of millions of alveoli in their lungs. This network of alveoli, bronchioles, and bronchi is known as the bronchial tree.

The lungs also contain elastic tissues that allow them to inflate and deflate without losing shape. They’re covered by a thin lining called the pleura (pronounced: PLUR-uh).

The chest cavity, or thorax (pronounced: THOR-aks), is the airtight box that houses the bronchial tree, lungs, heart, and other structures. The top and sides of the thorax are formed by the ribs and attached muscles, and the bottom is formed by a large muscle called the diaphragm (pronounced: DYE-uh-fram). The chest walls form a protective cage around the lungs and other contents of the chest cavity.

what is the purpose of respiration
what is the purpose of respiration

What do you think is the purpose of each of these organs?

  • The nose and the nasal cavity filter, warm, and moisten the air you breathe. The nose hairs and the mucus produced by the cells in the nose catch particles in the air and keep them from entering the lungs.
  • Behind the nasal cavity, air passes through the pharynx, a long tube. Both food and air pass through the pharynx.
  • The larynx, also called the “voice box”, is found just below the pharynx. Your voice comes from your larynx. Air from the lungs passes across thin tissues in the larynx and produces sound.
  • The trachea, or windpipe, is a long tube that leads down to the lungs, where it divides into the right and left bronchi. The bronchi branch out into smaller bronchioles in each lung. There is a small flap called the epiglottis that covers your trachea when you eat or drink. The muscle controlling the epiglottis is involuntary and prevents food from entering your lungs or windpipe.
  • The bronchioles lead to the alveoli.moreover, Alveoli are the little sacs at the end of the bronchioles (Figure below). They look like little bunches of grapes. That means oxygen enters the blood, and carbon dioxide moves out of the blood. The gases are exchanged between the blood and alveoli by simple diffusion.
  • The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that spreads across the bottom of the rib cage. When the diaphragm contracts, the chest volume gets larger, and the lungs take in air. When the diaphragm relaxes, the chest volume gets smaller, and air is pushed out of the lungs.

How and why do plants respire?

You know that all living organisms respire in order to release energy from glucose and make it available in the form of ATP for chemical, osmotic and other work.

Plants are no exception. They need to respire virtually all the time in order to supply their energy needs. They are not able to use the ATP generated in photosynthesis for these purposes.

Plants respire in the normal way using glycolysis, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation etc.

Often, the respiration is masked by the fact that photosynthesis produces oxygen faster than respiration takes it up and photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide faster than respiration produces it.

Plants need energy to take in mineral salts from the soil where they are present in very low concentration – this needs work (energy) to concentrate the mineral inside the plant. Plants growing in waterlogged soils (which are short of oxygen) cannot respire in their roots and soon show the symptoms of shortage of minerals (like yellow leaves). (Rice is interesting because it has a pithy stem through which it enables oxygen from above the water to get down to the roots and therefore rice thrives in “paddy fields”.).

Water is taken into the plant partly with the help of energy, but most of the energy for water uptake is a result of the evaporation from the leaves “sucking” the water up. However, moving sugars around the plant seems to require energy as dead phloem cells do not transport sugars.

As a result, Complex chemicals (like proteins) need energy to make them from simple chemicals – again the plants need a supply of energy to do this.

what is the purpose of respiration
what is the purpose of respiration

The Process of Respiration in Plants

During respiration, in different plant parts, significantly less exchange of gas takes place. Hence, each part nourishes and fulfils its own energy requirements.

Consequently, leaves, stems and roots of plants separately exchange gases. Leaves possess stomata – tiny pores, for gaseous exchange. The oxygen consumed via stomata is used up by cells in the leaves to

disintegrate glucose into water and carbon dioxide.

Respiration In Roots

Roots, the underground part of the plants, absorbs air from the air gaps/spaces found between the soil particles.

We know that plants possess a specific ability to synthesize their own food through photosynthesis. Photosynthesis takes place in only those parts of the plants which have chlorophyll, the green plant parts. Photosynthesis is so evident that at times it seems to mask the respiratory process in plants. Respiration must not be mistaken for photosynthesis. Respiration occurs all through the day, but the photosynthesis process occurs in the daytime, in the presence of sunlight only. Consequently, respiration becomes evident at night time in plants.

This is the reason we often hear people warn against sleeping under a tree during nighttime, as it may lead to suffocation due to excess amounts of carbon dioxide liberated by trees following respiration.

Respiration In Stems

The air in case of stem diffuses into the stomata and moves through different parts of the cell to respire. During this stage, the carbon dioxide liberated is also diffused through the stomata. Lenticels are known to perform gaseous exchange in woody or higher plants.

Respiration In Leaves

Leaves consist of tiny pores known as stomata. Gaseous exchange occurs through diffusion via stomata. Guard cells regulate each of the stomata. Exchange of gases occurs with the closing and opening of the stoma between the inferior of leaves and the atmosphere.

Cellular Respiration Definition

Cellular respiration is the process through which cells convert sugars into energy. To create ATP and other forms of energy to power cellular reactions, cells require fuel and an electron acceptor which drives the chemical process of turning energy into a useable form.

what is the purpose of respiration
what is the purpose of respiration

 

The Purpose Cellular Respiration

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells in plants and animals break down sugar and turn it into energy, which is then used to perform work at the cellular level. moreover, The purpose of cellular respiration is simple: it provides cells with the energy they need to function. If living things could not get the energy they need out of food, it would be absolutely worthless. All living things would eventually die, no matter the quality and amount of food.

Cellular respiration is used to create usable energy from the foods that living things eat. moreover, It’s

important to know that the reactions involved in cellular respiration are catabolic, meaning they break down molecules into smaller ones. This differs from anabolic reactions, which build bigger molecules from smaller ones. Key point: Cellular respiration involves catabolic reaction in order to break down food into usable energy so that cells, and the living organisms that contain them, can survive and thrive.

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