what is the sacred text of islam
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what is the sacred text of islam
In Islam, there are two main sacred texts: the Quran (also spelled “Koran”) and the Hadith (or Hadeeth). These books teach and illustrate Islamic beliefs, values, and practices. They are also important historical documents (especially the Quran), which tell the story of the origins of the Islamic faith.
The Quran is the most sacred text, as it is believed to be the literal word of God as revealed to Muhammad. The Hadith is a secondary text that records sayings of Muhammad and his followers. These two texts form the basis for all Islamic theology, practice and Sharia (Islamic law).
The Judeo-Christian Bible is also respected as revelations from the true God,
but Muslims believe the Bible to have been corrupted in transmission and translation.
Qur’an
The Qur’an is the sacred scripture of Islam, and is believed by Muslims to be God’s final revelation to humankind. The Qur’an was revealed in Arabic to Muhammad by the Angel Gabriel over a period of 22 years, beginning in 610 CE and ending in 632 CE. The passages of the Qur’an addressed topics such as God’s power, the purpose of life, the nature of good and evil, and the Afterlife. Muhammad’s early followers were provided with guidelines for living a moral and dignified life favorable to God, sometimes through passages that spoke to their immediate circumstances and other times through more universal teachings.
As Islam spread over time into new areas, Arabic became a common language for Muslims in many lands. Qur’anic teachings influenced Muslim cultures, and its references to learning, education, observation, and the use of reason stimulated Muslims to pursue knowledge in many fields. The word Qur’an means “reading” or “recitation,” and the oral recitation and memorization of verses has served as a foundation for strengthening faith as well as acquiring the intellectual tools to seek knowledge more generally.
Hadith
The word “Hadith” means “narrative” or “report” in Arabic. The book is a record of the words and deeds of the Muhammad, his family, and his companions. Although not regarded as the spoken Word of God like the Quran, Hadith is an important source of doctrine, law, and practice.
The Hadith, second only to the Qur’an in importance and authority, are collections of Islamic traditions and laws.This includes traditional sayings of Muhammed and later Islamic sages. By the ninth century over 600,000 Hadith had been recorded; these were later edited down to about 25,000.
Back to the Origins of the Book
This enlightening documentary explores the origins of the Koran, which according to Muslim tradition, has remained static and unchanged since its revelation to the prophet Mohammed between 610 and 632 CE in Mecca and Medina. However, recent discoveries of Koranic manuscripts analyzed by scientists, dating from around 680-the oldest in the world-indicate that the Koran would appear to have a more complicated history. During the first century of Islam, different concurrent versions of the holy book of Islam are believed to have existed and a number of different readings are possible due to the rudimentary nature of the writing in its early stages.
uropean scientists and Islamic scholars are now trying to trace the history of the Koran. From the mosque of Kairouan in Tunisia to that of the Umayyads in Damascus and Al- Azhar in Cairo , the film invites us on a fascinating journey into the heart of the origins of the book and Late Antiquity. THE KORAN: BACK TO THE ORIGINS OF THE BOOK explores where Muslim tradition and scientific research converge.
The Koran and Previous Scriptures
In its characteristically self-referential way, the Koran tells Muslims that they are to believe not only in what has been revealed through Muhammad, but also, and without distinction, in “what was revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the tribes, and what Moses and Jesus received, and what the prophets received from their Lord” (2:136). The Koran has a very clear idea of its place in the broader pattern of divine revelation: it contains essentially the same message as has been delivered by every prophet sent by God from the beginning of creation.
Those who possess the earlier scriptures—the ahl alkitab —recognize in the Koran the same truth (5:83). This was the first time the Arabs had been addressed by God in their own language, and Muslims consider the Koran the definitive and most complete version of the divine message currently available.
The Koran and Previous Scriptures
Even though in principle the other scriptures are to be believed, it is not clear whether or not the other communities are still in possession of the original message entrusted to them through their prophets. Charges of falsification and corruption of their scriptures, or at least of misinterpreting them, are often leveled against Christians and Jews.
The Koran addresses its hearers as though they are already familiar with the stories of the great biblical figures, commenting on them without retelling the narrative. In this the Koran sees itself acting as a reminder of the perennial revelation.
It has often been noted that these figures are presented in the Koran with little of the detail and few of the distinguishing characteristics found in the biblical narratives. Early commentators of the Koran drew on the Bible and on other Jewish and Christian materials (referred to as isra’iliyyat ) to explicate texts that were otherwise opaque.
Various Aspects of the Inimitability of the Holy Qur”an
Here we propose to refer to some aspects of the miraculousness or supernaturalness of the Holy Qur”an. On the whole the inimitability of the Holy Qur”an has two aspects: one of them pertains to its words and the other to its contents.
The inimitability of its words is due to its beautiful and artistic diction, and the inimitability of its contents is due to their high intellectual and scientific value. Each of these two aspects, especially the second one again in its turn has several aspects. Lately certain Egyptian and Iranian scholars have claimed that one of the aspects of the inimitability of the Holy Qur”an is that its letters and words have been so arranged that its verses form a special type of ascending curve.
The Arabic Language of the Quran
The Arabic text of the original Arabic Quran is identical and unchanged since its revelation in the 7th century C.E. About 90 percent of Muslims around the world do not speak Arabic as a native tongue, and there are many translations of the Quran available in English and other languages. However, for reciting prayers and reading chapters and verses in the Quran,
Muslims do use Arabic to participate as part of their shared faith.
Women in the Quran
Like the other Abrahamic religions, there are many women in the Quran. Only one is explicitly named: Mariam. Mariam is the mother of Jesus, who himself is a prophet in the Muslim faith. Other women who are mentioned but not named include the wives of Abraham
(Sara, Hajar) and Asiya (Bithiah in the Hadith), the wife of the Pharaoh, foster mother to Moses.
Basic surprising facts about the Holy book.
- The word Quran means ‘recitation’. It is related to the word “Qaara”.
- An important fact to note is that Prophet Muhammad isn’t the author of the Quran as mainy believe.
- In other words, our Prophet received the Quran as a revelations from God through the angel Jibril.
- The revelation of the Quran took place over a period of 23 years. (in Makkah for 13 years & in Madinah for 10 years).
- It was revealed in the month of Ramadan.
- The holy Book is divided into 30 parts in total.
- There are total 114 chapters (called as Surah) in the holy Quran. Among them, 86 surahs revealed in Mecca and 28 in Madina.
- Longest Surah in the holy Quran is Al-Baqarah whereas Al-Kawther is the shortest.
- Whoever reads a single letter of the Quran gets 10 rewards.
Islam Facts
- The word “Islam” means “submission to the will of God.”
- Followers of Islam are called Muslims.
- Muslims are monotheistic and worship one, all-knowing God, who in Arabic is known as Allah.
- Followers of Islam aim to live a life of complete submission to Allah. They believe that nothing can happen without Allah’s permission, but humans have free will.
- Islam teaches that Allah’s word was revealed to the prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel.
- Muslims believe several prophets were sent to teach Allah’s law. They respect some of the same prophets as Jews and Christians, including Abraham, Moses, Noah and Jesus. Muslims contend that Muhammad was the final prophet.
- Mosques are places where Muslims worship.
- Some important Islamic holy places include the Kaaba shrine in Mecca, the Al-Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem, and the Prophet Muhammad’s mosque in Medina.
- The Quran (or Koran) is the major holy text of Islam. The Hadith is another important book. Muslims also revere some material found in the Judeo-Christian Bible.
- Followers worship Allah by praying and reciting the Quran. They believe there will be a day of judgment, and life after death.
- A central idea in Islam is “jihad,” which means “struggle.” While the term has been used negatively in mainstream culture, Muslims believe it refers to internal and external efforts to defend their faith. Although rare, this can include military jihad if a “just war” is needed.
