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Ecological hotspots are areas with outstanding biodiversity or a high concentration of biological values. These values can refer to threatened or endemic species, unique ecosystems, or globally important numbers of a particular species.
solutions to biodiversity loss
Such “hot spots” are regions of high endemism, meaning that the species found there are not found anywhere else on Earth. Ecological hot spots tend to occur in tropical environments where species richness and biodiversity are much higher than in ecosystems closer to the poles.
Terms in this set
Hotspot. An area that has a high number of endemic species and an extraordinary loss of habitat. Endemic. species only found in one biological area. Biomes.
What is biodiversity hotspot? To be classified as a biodiversity hotspot, a region must have lost at least 70 percent of its original natural vegetation, usually due to human activity. There are over 30 recognized biodiversity hotspots in the world.
Officially, four out of the 36 Biodiversity Hotspots in the world are present in India: the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the Indo-Burma region and the Sundaland. To these may be added the Sundarbans and the Terrai-Duar Savannah grasslands for their unique foliage and animal species.
What determines/identifies a biodiversity hotspot? It must have at least 1,500 vascular plants as endemics — which is to say, it must have a high percentage of plant life found nowhere else on the planet. A hotspot, in other words, is irreplaceable. It must have 30% or less of its original natural vegetation.
A biodiversity hotspot is a natural ecosys tems that are largely intact and where native species and communities associated with these ecosystems are well represented. How does the IUCN classify biodiversity hotspots? Less than 10% of the global surface, but support more than 70% of the biological diversity on Earth.
Yet biodiversity hotspots are, by definition, in a conservation crisis. To be classified as a biodiversity hotspot, a region must have lost at least 70 percent of its original natural vegetation, usually due to human activity. There are over 30 recognized biodiversity hotspots in the world.
The Indo-Burma Hotspot includes all non-marine parts of Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, plus parts of southern China.
Brazil
#1: Brazil
Brazil is the Earth’s biodiversity champion. Between the Amazon rainforest and Mata Atlantica forest, the woody savanna-like cerrado, the massive inland swamp known as the Pantanal, and a range of other terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, Brazil leads the world in plant and amphibian species counts.
An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms.
Sunderbans forests, locally known as Badabon, are one of the richest biodiversity hotspots in India. This UNESCO World Heritage site is known for its mangroves, coastal forests that serve as a biological buffer between the land and sea.
Most globally significant biodiversity hotspots lie firmly within the tropics or in the Mediterranean climate zones of the world, such as California and the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa.
tropical forests
Specifically, biodiversity of land species is greatest in tropical forests and marine diversity is greatest along coral reefs. Therefore, biodiversity is low around the poles of Earth, places that are cold and dry.
35 areas
Around the world, 35 areas qualify as hotspots. They represent just 2.3% of Earth’s land surface, but they support more than half of the world’s plant species as endemics — i.e., species found no place else — and nearly 43% of bird, mammal, reptile and amphibian species as endemics.
Biodiversity hotspots are important because it is within these unique ecosystems that many rare and endangered species exist. Therefore, it is important to study and protect these areas. As we have learned, the more diverse (in every sense) the ecosystem, the hardier it is.
A: Endemic species are species that are native to and found only within a limited area.
Andaman & Nicobar being the hotspot of biological diversity deserves the focus of our attention. The total land area of all these islands is only about 8249 sq. … Out of over 2500 angiospermous species so far known from these islands about 246 are endemic.
four biodiversity hotspots
India has four biodiversity hotspots, i.e., Eastern Himalayas, Western Himalayas, Western Ghats and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
More like rolling hills than snow-covered mountains, the Western Ghats – stretching some 1,600km from the north of Mumbai to the southern tip of India – are a biodiversity hotspot that contains a large proportion of the country’s plant and animal species; many of which are only found here and nowhere else in the world.
India is one of the eight Vavilov’s centers of origin of cultivated plants in the world and has twenty distinct agro-ecosystems, characterized by variations in edaphic, climatic and geographic features, and consequently a diverse cropping pattern.
The functions of the ecosystem are as follows: It regulates the essential ecological processes, supports life systems and renders stability. It is also responsible for the cycling of nutrients between biotic and abiotic components. It maintains a balance among the various trophic levels in the ecosystem.
Attributes which characterize an ecosystem, such as its size, biodiversity, stability, degree of organization, as well as its functions and processes (i.e. the internal exchanges of materials, energy and information among different pools).
Assam has the distinction of having 2 UNESCO World Heritage sites (Manas and Kaziranga) 2 Biosphere Reserves (Dibru-Saikhowa and Manas) 4 Tiger Reserves (Kaziranga, Manas, Nameri and Rajib Gandhi Orang National Parks) and 5 Elephant Reserves.
With its high levels of plant and animal endemism, and limited remaining natural habitat, Indo-Burma ranks among the top 10 biodiversity hotspots for irreplaceability and the top five for threat. The future of much of Indo-Burma’s ecosystems and species hangs in the balance.
Explanation: Brown palm civet is one of the endemic species of India. Brown palm civets are nocturnal and solitary. It is endemic to the rain forests of the Western Ghats in South India, mostly appear in Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve.
To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot, a region must meet two strict criteria: It must have at least 1,500 vascular plants as endemics — which is to say, it must have a high percentage of plant life found nowhere else on the planet. A hotspot, in other words, is irreplaceable.
Ecological hotspots are areas with outstanding biodiversity or a high concentration of biological values. These values can refer to threatened or endemic species, unique ecosystems, or globally important numbers of a particular species.
Answer and Explanation: The tropical rainforest biome has the greatest biodiversity. This biome has the most species of any other, and high numbers of most species.
Most threatened areas of high species diversity on Earth. Critical biodiversity hotspots are located on islands, tropical rainforests, and coastal areas.
Greater biodiversity in ecosystems, species, and individuals leads to greater stability.
Ecosystem diversity deals with the variations in ecosystems within a geographical location and its overall impact on human existence and the environment. Ecosystem diversity addresses the combined characteristics of biotic properties (biodiversity) and abiotic properties (geodiversity).
Officially, four out of the 36 Biodiversity Hotspots in the world are present in India: the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the Indo-Burma region and the Sundaland.
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