what equipment is required to be on a trailer?
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Trailers must have the following equipment:
- Every trailer or semi-trailer weighing more than 3,000 pounds: On the front, two clearance lamps, one at each side. On each side, two side marker lamps, one at/or near the front and one at/or near the rear. On the rear, two clearance lamps, one at each side, and two reflectors, one at/or near the front and one at/or near the rear. There must also be two stoplights on the rear of these vehicles. One stop light is permitted on vehicles built before January 1, 1972.
Boat Transportation & Trailering
Roll Your Boat – All About Trailering
Mention a skipper’s boat, and he or she is liable to talk about itsgraceful sheer, its quickness, the way it handles, or the clever use of space below.
Mention a trailer, and the first thing that comes to mind is convenience. While the marina-based boat is restricted by time, distance, and the weather, a trailered boat can be transported just about anywhere—lakes, oceans, bays, or inlets–in the span of a weekend. Hurricane coming? Put the boat on its trailer and head inland. Too cold? Head south.
But convenience is only part of a trailer’s appeal. When you consider the money saved on slip fees, bottom paint, and blister repairs, it’s easy to understand why trailer boating is so popular.
Boating on a highway, like boating on the water, requires some attentiveness and know-how. That’s what this brochure is all about. Boats go aground in the water. Boats can also “go aground” on a highway. Negotiating stoplights, potholes, slick spots, and manic vacation traffic while towing a cumbersome trailer and boat takes practice.
Trailers, like boats and automobiles, require TLC to keep them rolling. But no amount of maintenance will help a trailer that is too small, or otherwise inadequate, for the boat it will be towing. The first step, then, is to choose a trailer that is most likely to get you and your boat where you want to go, despite potholes and vacation traffic.
Part I: Selecting a Trailer
With a modern boat, the choice of a trailer is often left to the dealer, which means bunkers or rollers will be positioned properly to provide maximum support. It is a no muss, no fuss deal for the buyer. He or she has to rely on the trailer dealer, however, and dealers have been known to unload inventory that may not be entirely suited to your needs. In this case, it helps to know what your needs will be and what options are available to meet those needs.
Trailer Size
After spending a small fortune to buy the boat of your dreams, it may be tempting to skimp a little on the trailer. Don’t. A trailer that is too small is more than just an inconvenience, it’s dangerous. Federal law requires that a trailer display its GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating), which is the total weight the trailer is rated to carry, including the boat, engine, gasoline (six pounds per gallon), water (eight pounds per gallon) and gear.
Some experts suggest that as a margin of safety the total weight of the boat and gear be no more than 85% of the trailer’s GVWR. Don’t confuse the GVWR with the GAWR, which is the load carrying capacity of an axle – its Gross Axle Weight Rating. On single axle trailers, the GVWR and the GAWR are the same. For tandem-axle trailers, the GVWR is equal to twice the GAWR.
Single vs. Tandem-Axle
While they cost more and require more upkeep, boat owners who have traded-up to tandem axle trailers almost always report that they are pleased with the results, especially with larger boats. For one thing, tandem trailers handle better, with better tracking and less tendency to fishtail.
The extra wheels also mean a much smoother ride and safer handling in the event of a blowout. The size of the tires—larger is better—also contributes to the smoothness of the ride. It is usually easier to find replacements for larger tires, although you shouldn’t make the mistake of substituting an automobile tire for a trailer tire. Trailer tires have thicker sidewalls.
Submersible or Float-on Trailers vs. Roll-Off Trailers
Submersible trailers, which allow the boat to float free when the trailer is submerged, have the advantage of being easier to use, at least for beginners. The disadvantage is that submersible trailers require more upkeep and a steeper ramp for launching. Some trailers tilt to create a steeper launch angle but are usually unwieldy for all but the smallest boats.
Roll-off trailers may be easier to maintain, but they are also more expensive-about 20% more. And for the inexperienced trailer owner, roll-off trailers can be more difficult to use. A skipper in Michigan who said he had used a submersible trailer several times still managed to do several hundred dollars worth of damage to his new boat when it rolled too quickly off his new trailer and bashed onto the concrete ramp in shallow water.
As a general rule, rollers make launching and retrieving easier, while pads provide better support for the boat. Many trailers now use a combination of pads (at chines) and rollers (at keels) to optimum advantage.
Paint vs. Galvanized
Many manufacturers offer a choice of a galvanized steel or painted steel trailers. The painted trailers are fine for freshwater but are vulnerable to corrosion in saltwater. Galvanized trailers cost slightly more, but require less maintenance, especially if they will be dunked in saltwater.
Painted trailers are sometimes painted to match the boat, which is nice. With galvanized trailers, one expert suggests painting it with bright colors, especially colors that clash, so that it will be easy to identify. Not a bad idea. The BoatU.S. Marine Insurance claim files have shown that a boat on a trailer is far more likely to be stolen. If you were a crook, which trailer would you steal: one that looks like every other trailer on the road or one that looks like a painted circus wagon?
Trailer Brakes
In many states, trailers with a GVWR of 1,500 pounds or more are required to have brakes on all wheels. Most automobile manufacturers suggest trailer brakes be used with even lighter weights.
There are two basic types of brakes on trailers: surge brakes and electrically-activated brakes. Most trailers have surge brakes, which are activated after the automobile’s brakes have slowed the trailer. Surge brakes are frequently wrecked by dunking, although newer models have flushing devices that offer some protection. Electric brakes, which are connected to the automobile’s brakes, are also vulnerable to dunking.
Trailer Hitches
Trailer hitches are rated in four classes according to the weight (GVWR) they will be pulling: Class I has a maximum capacity rating of 2,000 pounds; Class II has a maximum rating of 3,500 pounds; Class III has a maximum capacity rating of 5,000 pounds; and Class IV has a maximum rating of 10,000 pounds. The weight of your boat, trailer, and gear should never exceed this capacity.
Another Consideration: The Tow Vehicle
A tow vehicle’s engine, transmission, cooling system, tires, and rear springs are all stressed by the additional weight of a boat and trailer. Considering that the average price of a new tow vehicle starts at about $20,000, it behooves the trailer boat owner to be mindful of the vehicle’s towing capacity and to select a vehicle with a towing capacity that is at least several hundred pounds greater than the weight you intend to pull.
Always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations when an automobile or truck is used for towing a boat. Don’t assume a big car can be used to haul a big boat. A Cadillac Seville with a hefty 4.6 liter V-8, for example, has a rated towing capacity of only 1,000 pounds, which is the same towing capacity as a tiny Ford Escort.
And while horsepower is certainly important, more horsepower does not always produce more torque. The latter is a measure of how much weight an engine can move. An automatic transmission is more desirable for towing than a manual transmission, since the added weight is tough on a clutch.
Auto manufacturers publish a recommended towing weight, which, depending on the type of construction, is usually about half the weight of the car. Although the car will be able to haul more weight, exceeding the recommended towing weight will make the trailer difficult to control and cause the car to get old before its time.
Since you’ll have passengers, luggage, etc., in addition to the boat, manufacturers now use a gross combined weight rating (GCWR), which is the total weight of the car, trailer, boat, passengers, and gear that a car can safely accommodate.
what equipment is required to be on a food trailer
Down the street from work, at street festivals and concerts, you see food trucks everywhere. It is a booming industry and you want a piece of the pie. Besides a passion and a talent for food, here are the top food truck requirements for starting your own food truck.
Buying or designing the perfect truck for your needs
Whether you are buying a used food truck or custom building one on your own, it is essential that the truck you pick is laid out in way that is conducive to what you need and that it is has all the cooking and safety equipment you will need to run a sanitary food truck. What this looks like will depend on what you will be serving out of your truck.
If you are just serving coffee and pastries for the morning rush, then your requirements are going to be a lot different than for someone who is cooking made-to-order burgers out of their truck.
A few of the basic things you will need include a refrigerator, deep fryer, freezer, heat lamp and storage space. Once you know all the equipment you will need, you will need to figure out which set up is going to help you work most efficiently on your food orders. A poorly designed food truck could cause a lot of time to be wasted.
Here is a check list for making sure your truck is ready to rock-n-roll safely:
- Proper electrical wiring and plumbing for your needs
- Large enough service window. Typically they are about 4 x 3 feet
- Strong enough air conditioning system to keep the truck cool even when you are cooking in the summer heat
- Make sure the wall behind the cooking line is made of nonflammable materials like 100% stainless steel sheets
- Large enough gas/propane tank to last you at least a few days at a time
- A properly installed interior hood for ventilation
- Enough equipment tables and cabinetry for storing and preparing everything
- A refrigerator and freezer to store all the food and the proper temperature
- A powerful enough generator so your food truck doesn’t run out of juice at the most inappropriate times.
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Also consider the size of the truck and where you mostly likely be parking when shopping for a food truck. If you want to run a food truck in a big metropolis like New York City where space is at a minimum then a really large vehicle might not do so well.
It is not just what is in your food truck that matters however. There are other food truck requirements you should consider.
