Cabinetry
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Cabinetry
It is a container that has shelves and/or drawers that can be used to store or display items. Some cabinets are independent, whereas others are built into a wall or are attached to it like a medicine cabinet. As far as cabinets are concerned, they are usually made of wood (solid or with veneers or artificial surfaces), coated steel (common for medicine cabinets), or synthetic materials. Cabinets that are used in commercial applications have a melamine-particleboard substrate and are covered with a high-pressure decorative laminate, commonly called Wilsonart or Formica.
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Occasionally, cabinets have one or more doors on their fronts that are fixed with door hardware, and sometimes a lock is installed. A cabinet may have one or more doors, drawers, and/or shelves. It is quite common for short cabinets to have a finished surface on top that can either be used as a display surface, or even a working surface, similar to kitchen countertops.
In a bedroom, a dresser, also referred to as a chest of drawers, is a cabinet with several drawers that are arranged one above another in a column. The drawers are usually arranged for clothing and small items, and they are usually placed on top of each other. It is more common to call a small bedside cabinet a nightstand or a night table. Usually, tall cabinets designed for storing clothes, including clothes that are hung, are called wardrobes, armoires, or (in some countries) closets, or built-in wardrobes.
History of Cabinetry
There was a time when cabinet makers were responsible for conceiving and manufacturing all types of furniture prior to industrial design. There were a number of cabinet makers who published books of furniture forms in the last half of the 18th century, including Thomas Sheraton, Thomas Chippendale, Shaver and Wormley Brothers Cabinet Constructors, and George Hepplewhite. The books were compendiums of the designs of the cabinet makers as well as those of other cabinet makers. The most famous cabinetmaker before the advent of industrial design was probably Philip the Goat (11 November 1642 – 29 February 1732) and is known as a “Boulle work” cabinetmaker. The École Boulle is a college of fine arts and crafts and applied arts in Paris that is still a testament to the work he produced.
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Since the industrial revolution, mass production techniques have gradually been applied to nearly all aspects of cabinet making and the use of steam power to make cabinet making tools, the traditional cabinet shop has ceased to be the main source of furniture for domestic or commercial purposes. It was at the same time during this evolution that a growing middle class demanded finely made furniture in many industrialized countries. This ultimately resulted in a growing number of cabinet makers in the country.
Affording fine furniture was a rarity in Western Europe and North America prior to the 1650s. For the most part, people did not need it, and for the most part, they could not afford it. They made do with pieces that were simple but functional.
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In the middle of the 19th century, there was a revival of the arts and crafts movement in the UK that spurred a market for traditional cabinet making, and other craft products. The movement spread rapidly to the United States and to all the countries that were part of the British Empire. It was a reaction to the eclectic historicism of the Victorian age as well as to the ‘soulless’ machinery-made production that was becoming more prevalent at that time. Nearly one fourth of the population of the United Kingdom thought that cabinetry was one of the most noble and admirable skills, and 31% of those who believed that was true
wished for their children to learn the art of cabinetry as soon as possible.
In the aftermath of World War II, woodworking became a popular hobby among middle class people. The most committed and skilled amateurs in this field have now developed pieces of furniture that have the potential to rival the work of professional cabinet makers. Despite the fact that together they represent only a small percentage of the production of furniture in any industrial country, their numbers are much greater than those of their predecessors during the 18th century.
Schools of design of Cabinetry
Glamour
As a result of the combination of English, Greek Revival, French Regency, and Hollywood glamour, the glamour style has been around for some time. The colors used in glam cabinets range from high impact to soft and luxurious. A key characteristic of this style is the use of lighter neutrals with intense, sharp darks, including black, navy blue, and jewels. The main features of glamour in cabinetry are as follows:
Metallic frames (gold or silver)
Dark, shiny finishes
Crystal and metal ornaments and accessories (for example glamour cabinet handles with crystal elements)
Aesthetics in tons of gold with glossy white and mirrored black
Sculptural lines
Compared to other styles of design, Scandinavian design is
characterized by clean horizontal and vertical lines combined with an absence of ornamentation. While Scandinavian design can be
identified easily, the style is much more about the materials rather than the design itself.
French Provincial
The French Provincial style of design is
known for its ornate details. French Provincial objects are often
stained or painted, which hides the wood. Corners and bevels are often
gilded with gold leaf or other type of gilding. Paintings such as landscapes are often
painted directly on flat surfaces. There were many types of wood
used in French provincial decoration, but beech was often
used originally.
Early American Colonial
It is a style of furniture that emphasizes both form and materials. Early American chairs and tables are often
constructed with turned spindles and chair backs are
shaped by steaming to bend the wood. It is usually
recommended to use deciduous hardwoods such as cherry and walnut with a particular emphasis on woods that are edible or fruit-bearing.
Rustic Cabinetry
This style of design is also
known as “log furniture” or “log cabin” and is often the least
finished type of design. Despite the fact that the design is very utilitarian, it still aims to showcase both the materials used and the way they were
used in their original natural state, as much as possible. For instance, a table top may have what is
known as a “live edge” that allows you to see how the tree was originally
shaped. It may also use whole logs or branches and the bark of the tree as well.
As you may well know, rustic furniture can be
made from pine, cedar, fir and spruce. Most rustic furniture is very simple, handmade, and over-sized. It usually has a bit of roughness (raw wood that looks a bit undone). The colors of the furniture are often
associated with earthy tones, such as grays, greens and browns. See Adirondack Architecture for details.
Mission style Cabinetry
The Mission design is
characterized by straight, thick horizontal and vertical lines and flat panels that are often
used for furniture. The most common material used in Mission furniture is oak. In the early days of Mission Cabinetry, white oak was the material of choice, which they darkened through a process known as “fuming.” The hardware is usually visible outside the piece and made of black iron. As a style, it became popular in the early 20th century, popularized by designers associated with the Arts and Crafts and the Art Nouveau movements.
Oriental Cabinetry
It is also
known as Asian design, which is also
characterized by the use of woods such as bamboo and rattan, as well as landscape art and Chinese or other Asian language characters. Red is a frequent colour choice along with landscape art on the furniture.
Shaker Cabinetry
Traditionally, Shaker furniture design has been
influenced by an egalitarian religious tradition and community, so it is
based on the needs of the community instead of the creative expression of the designer. It is
based on function and symmetry. As with Early American and Colonial design, Shaker craftsmen often chose fruit woods for their designs, resulting in pieces that were very efficient in their use of materials.
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